Diabetes in Pregnancy - Gestational Diabetes

Diabetes is a problem when human body is either not producing or using insulin. Insulin is a hormone that converts starch, sugar or other food items into energy. The problem starts when there is increase in the level of sugar in blood. Insulin controls the blood sugar level in the body. It affects the entire world but most cases related to diabetes seen in U.S.A. About 16 million of people is caught by disease and nearly 5 million of people are those who unaware of this disease.

Gestational Diabetes

Diabetes Pregnancy

Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that affects pregnant women. A general survey says this type of diabetes caught almost 4% of all pregnant women. It also says about 1, 30,000 cases of gestational diabetes are come to light every year. Hormones produced in women's body during pregnancy reduced insulin in her body, which leads to problem of high blood sugar in the body. During pregnancy a mother needs three times of insulin to convert starch into energy for more energy. When her body becomes unable to use insulin the problem goes to gestational diabetes.

Reasons

Diabetes is a problem that causes to anyone who has less receptivity to insulin but main reasons for the cause of this in pregnant woman if she has late pregnancy. Obesity is one of reasons for diabetes. Another one is previous pregnancy resulting a baby having weight 9 pounds and more.

Symptoms

Symptoms of gestational diabetes are increased thirst, increased urination, feeling tired all the time, nausea and vomiting. Sometimes victim also have blurred vision, yeast infection and bladder infection.

Treatment

To solve this problem pregnant woman should follow the treatment plans for their health care. She should take a healthy diet. Mother should keep her blood sugar in a target level. She should get regular physical activity. Also, she should keep healthy weight.

Diabetes in Pregnancy - Gestational Diabetes

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Gestational Diabetes - Diabetes During Pregnancy

Gestational diabetes is a commonly seen diabetic condition among pregnant women. Diabetes during pregnancy time plays a vital role in controlling offspring metabolism. When not seriously taken, gestational diabetes causes several problems during pregnancy period. It creates a negative impact on both mother and child. In most cases, this diabetic condition will go by the child's birth. But it will remain as a black mark in mother's life and there arises chance of getting type 2 diabetes or diabetes mellitus in later stages of their life. Insulin resistance phenomenon seen in gestational diabetic patients reduces the proportionality with beta cells in pancreas. Diabetes during pregnancy period induces overgrowth in fetus and makes delivery earlier than predicted time. In these cases, cesarean is opted for a secured means of delivery. If not considered, it may even lead to life threatening high blood pressure condition known as pre-eclampsia.

Earlier detection of gestational diabetes helps in preventing many of its complications. Glucose tolerance test is a major detection test done among pregnant women. This screening test is usually done during twenty fourth and twenty eighth week of pregnancy period. Comparison of glucose level before food and after food intake is done. If the test results show a glucose level higher than the normal value after food, then she should take control over her diet. This kind of diabetes comes under type A1 gestational diabetes. But in some cases, there will be abnormal glucose level in both before and after food intake.

Diabetes Pregnancy

In this case, accurate insulin dosage is given so as to regulate the blood glucose level. Urine test is also done among some pregnant women to detect the presence of gestational diabetes. Risk factor in getting gestational diabetes increases with patient's age and family history. Frequent urination, thirst and tiredness are some of the symptoms shown by gestational diabetic patients. A few of them will also be prone to frequent vomiting and eye problems.

Since fetus is taking his or her food from mother, baby will be growing in a hyperglycemic placental environment in the womb of mother. Increased action of insulin stimulates the production of growth hormones and as a result baby gets fattier leading way to macrosomia. Over weight and obesity developed due to macrosomia creates problems during pregnancy period. There arises the need of cesarean instead of normal delivery. It reduces the metabolization rate in new born babies. Low metabolic activity leads to the accumulation of fatty acids in the baby. It results in low secretion of insulin which is the master of all metabolic activities.

These babies are most likely to catch type 2 diabetes in their future life. Today, many seminars and counseling programs on gestational diabetes are conducted in hospitals. These seminar programs help in giving awareness about the disease. Make sure to possess control over food especially on foods with high carbohydrate concentration. Prepare a planned diet and make control over the body weight by doing adequate exercises. Regular check-ups and planning lifestyle accordingly helps to a great extend in managing gestational diabetes.

Gestational Diabetes - Diabetes During Pregnancy

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Diabetes And Pregnancy - Preparing For Pregnancy

Pregnancy And Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes (diabetes mellitus) affects 1 in 300 hundred people in Great Britain. This type of diabetes is an auto immune disease that lasts for life and currently there is no cure for it. It can be diagnosed in childhood and those who have type 1 will need to take injections of insulin on a daily basis.

Mellitus Pregnancy

Conception

Conception and fertility should not be affected, but there is a higher risk of miscarriage.

However women who plan their pregnancies and manage to maintain especially good blood sugar control levels pre-pregnancy, have a higher chance of enjoying a healthy pregnancy and delivering a healthy baby. It is a good idea to make a pre-pregnancy appointment with an obstetrician.

Pregnancy

Women with type 1 diabetes will be under the care of a consultant led team. They are closely monitored throughout the pregnancy for their blood sugar levels, kidney and eyes function. The medical team's objective is to ensure that both the expectant mother and her baby are thriving.

Insulin doses may need to change during the 9 months, and in some cases, the doses may need to adjust at various stages. Top medical care is a necessity as problems relating to kidney and eyes, which are associated with this condition can deteriorate during pregnancy.

It is important to inform the medical team of any mood changes or changes in energy levels also, as this may mean that a change in the insulin dosage may be necessary.

Pregnancy And Type 2 Diabetes

More often than not this condition is diagnosed in people of 40 years or more, but it can be diagnosed earlier than this. Certain women are at a higher risk of being diagnosed at a younger age, and these are black, Middle Eastern and Asian women. Those with type 2 diabetes do produce insulin but do not manage to use it efficiently throughout the body. So a woman with this type of diabetes will experience dramatic hikes in her blood sugar levels. Obesity is the major factor which predisposes a person to developing it.

Conception

Women can experience difficulty in conceiving but this can often be caused by their weight. However if they lose weight pre-conception and manage to keep their weight in a healthy range, then this combined with close blood sugar monitoring will increase their chances of conception.

Like women with diabetes mellitus, a pre-pregnancy health plan is the ideal approach if possible.

Pregnancy

Tablets which lower blood sugar are used to control this disease and these may not be suitable for use during pregnancy. These medications are ACE inhibitors, agiotensin-11 antagonists and statins, and those women who are taking these should ideally ask their doctor to switch them to a different medication. During pregnancy however some women may need to be switched to insulin injections, and also for a period post-pregnancy.

Diabetes And Pregnancy - Preparing For Pregnancy

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Pregnancy With Diabetes Mellitus

What is Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus is an endocrine disorder where the pancreas does not or insufficiently produce insulin to regulate body glucose levels. A pregnant woman with diabetes mellitus may find difficulty controlling the balance between insulin and blood glucose levels to prevent hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia because so many changes are happening to the body during pregnancy. Both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia are dangerous during pregnancy because they are threats to normal fetal growth.

What happens
Pregnant women tend to develop insulin resistance as pregnancy progresses. This phenomenon is thought to be caused by the presence of the hormone human placental lactogen and increased levels of estrogen, progesterone, cortisol, and catecholamines during pregnancy. The rate of insulin secretions is also increased and the fasting blood sugar level is lowered. The presence of placental insulinase helps maintain a normal pregnancy by breaking down insulin thus preventing blood glucose from falling to dangerous limits, despite the increased insulin secretion that occurs. A diabetic pregnant woman must increase her insulin dosage beginning on the 24th week of her pregnancy to prevent hyperglycemia. At the same time, the continued consumption of glucose by the fetus may lead to hypoglycemia for the mother between meals; this is most likely to occur overnight. She may become ketoacidotic from the breakdown of stored fat, which is likely to occur during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. Diabetic womeqan are at risk to develop hydramnios, an increase in the amount of amniotic fluid, thought to be caused by hyperglycemia in the fetus that causes increased urine production. Amniocentesis may be required to corret the problem but this will expose the pregnant woman to risk of infection and possible preterm labor. This corrective measure is temporary because amniotic fluid is continually reproduced. If the woman has a pre-existing kidney disease, the risk of fetal growth restriction, asphyxia, still birth and maternal pregnancy-induced hypertension increases markedly.

Mellitus Pregnancy

There is a high incidence of congenital anomaly such as caudal regression syndrome, spontaneous miscarriage and stillbirths in infants of women with diabetes mellitus.

Infants of diabetic women are five times more apt to have heart anomalies than others. Infants of women with poorly controlled diabetes tend to be large (more than 10 lbs) because the amount of insulin the fetus must produce to counteract the excessive amount of glucose the fetus' receives acts as a growth stimulant. The increased glucose adds to the fetus' subcutaneous fat deposit. A macrosomic infant is at risk to cephalopelvic disproportion, a condition that exposes the neonate to shoulder dystocia making it necessary for the mother to undergo caesarean section.

Signs and symptoms
A pregnant woman with diabetes may manifest the following symptoms: dizziness when hypoglycaemic, confusion if hyperglycaemic, thirst; glycosuria, polyuria on urinalysis; hyperglycemia on fasting blood sugar testing. The fetus that is large for gestational age is indicative of macrosomia; poor fetal heart tone variability and rate from poor tissue perfusion and hydramnios.

What to do
A diabetic woman planning to get pregnant must go to her obstetrician and get help in controlling hyperglycemia during the early weeks of pregnancy, when the tendency of congenital anomalies in the fetus is highest. A home test kit is useful to determine at the earliest time if she is pregnant so that the best insulin control program during pregnancy can be determined.

Pregnancy With Diabetes Mellitus

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Diabetes in Pregnancy

Diabetes in pregnancy affects some women who have never suffered with it prior to becoming pregnant.

Diabetes is a condition in which the blood sugar level is high due to the lack of enough insulin in your blood, or through what is known as insulin resistance.

Diabetes Pregnancy

During pregnancy hormones block the normal action of insulin in order to help the growing baby get enough sugar. More insulin is therefore needed to manage these changes, and gestational diabetes occurs when the body cannot produce the extra insulin which the pregnancy demands.

Gestational diabetes quite often becomes apparent during the second half of a pregnancy and goes away when the baby is born. If you've had a slowly developing form of Type 1 diabetes however, then it will remain and will become a lifelong condition.

Symptoms include an increased thirst, the need to urinate more often, and feeling tired. These are of course normal symptoms that occur when pregnant in any case, so may not necessarily mean you have gestational diabetes.

Proper control of diabetes during this time is absolutely essential in order to avoid complications such as pre-eclampsia, which causes high blood pressure, premature labour, or having too much fluid around the unborn baby.

It's not known why gestational diabetes occurs, but you are more at risk if there's a family history of gestation diabetes, are overweight, or have polycystic ovary syndrome.

Gestational diabetes can be diagnosed by drinking a glucose drink in the morning after which the doctor will take blood samples at different intervals to see how your body copes with the glucose over time.

Once diagnosed you'll be referred to a clinic where you can be monitored by doctors and nurses experienced in the field. You will have to attend frequent antenatal appointments in order to keep the condition under control.

It's very important to learn to control your blood sugar level by following a healthy diet. Learning what foods to eat, and what foods to avoid, will help keep the situation under control.

Daily moderate exercise such as walking will help reduce the blood sugar levels and promote a sense of well being.

Diabetes in pregnancy can be controlled with proper medication, a healthy nutritious diet and light exercise. Being monitored regularly will ensure that if any complications arise the situation will be dealt with quickly and efficiently. Understanding the condition will help you to take the necessary steps to safeguard yourself and your baby during pregnancy.

Diabetes in Pregnancy

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Diabetes for Two - Diabetes in Pregnancy

There are several types of 'Diabetes in Pregnancy'. Diabetes can sometimes present for the first time during a pregnancy and this type which is usually picked up by a routine test about half way through the pregnancy is called "gestational diabetes". This type may go away after the pregnancy. Also, a woman could have diabetes before pregnancy, either type 1 or type 2 diabetes, and needs to plan carefully for her pregnancy with this pre-existing condition (stay tuned for part 2 in my next article!).

Gestational Diabetes

Diabetes Pregnancy

Gestational diabetes affects about 5% of pregnancies and is detected by a routine test that all women should get at about 24-28 weeks of pregnancy. If the doctor or mid-wife suspects that there may be diabetes, they will check earlier. The screening test is a non- fasting sugar drink followed by a blood test 1 hour later. If this is elevated she will usually have another test that is also a sugary drink and has a fasting blood test and then another blood test 1 and 2 hours after the drink. If her results are elevated then she is usually referred to a diabetes education team for a gestational diabetic meal plan and blood sugar testing routine. If the woman is not able to control her blood sugars by her diet then she will begin on insulin. Insulin is a safe, easy and effective method for controlling blood sugars in pregnancy. Woman develop diabetes in pregnancy because pregnancy is a state where there is more demand for insulin due to the increasing resistance to insulin as the pregnancy progresses as a result of the hormones in pregnancy.

Risk Factors for Getting Gestational Diabetes

These are similar to risk factors for developing diabetes in the non pregnant state, such as having a relative with diabetes, belonging to an ethnic group where diabetes is more common such as Native Canadians, Latinos, Indo-Canadians, being over weight or obese, being older, having had a previous gestational pregnancy or giving birth to a large baby (greater than 9 pounds).

Complications of Having Gestational Diabetes

If gestational diabetes goes undetected or untreated the higher sugars in the mother's blood can affect the baby. This could result in a larger baby that causes difficulties at the time of birth and a higher C-section or forceps rate. The baby has more chance of spending time in the intensive care unit due to trouble breathing or low blood sugars. However, gestational diabetes can be fairly easily treated with a combination of a diabetic meal plan and sometimes insulin and these complications can be avoided. Birth defects are not a concern as the higher blood sugars do not generally happen until after 20 weeks of pregnancy and this is after the baby has developed their organs.

Follow Up After Delivery

If a woman has had gestational diabetes, she should be screened for diabetes before her next pregnancy to be sure she has not developed diabetes prior to this pregnancy. It is therefore very important that women who have had gestational diabetes follow up after the baby is born to see if the diabetes has gone away. Usually, this involves a 2-hour sugar drink test, 6 weeks to 6 months after delivery. She needs to continue to be checked regularly (every 1-3 years) to see if she has developed diabetes for her own health and certainly before another pregnancy to protect her next child from high sugars if she has developed diabetes prior to that pregnancy. If a woman has had diabetes in pregnancy it will help her to reduce the risk of developing diabetes to attain her ideal weight prior to the next pregnancy.

Diabetes for Two - Diabetes in Pregnancy

More Articles by Dr Maureen Clement

Gestational Diabetes (Pregnancy)

Diabetes is a disease where the blood sugar level is higher because of insulin deficiency, or insulin is not acting accurately. Insulin was the hormone produced by the pancreas that allows body to smash down glucose in with blood to be converted as energy.

Diabetes can be developed during pregnancy period of woman who has not previously had the condition. This is also known as gestational diabetes, which is affecting almost two percent of pregnant women. Pregnancy diabetes can lead to problems for the mother and the baby if not controlled properly.

Diabetes Pregnancy

For the period of pregnancy, varieties of hormones obstruct the natural act of insulin which helps to assure for the growing baby to get enough glucose. Body requires to generating lots of insulin to cover the changes. Pregnancy diabetes will then built up when the body can't gather the extra demand of insulin needed by the pregnant woman. Diabetes pregnancy typically begins in the second trimester of the pregnancy period, and it will be gone once the baby is brought to life. If it doesn't go away after giving birth, it is possible that it developed into another form of diabetes.

Gestational Diabetes Symptoms

This form of diabetes does not generally produce some symptoms. Nevertheless, there are times that you may experience the symptoms of hyperglycemia such as; frequent thirst; recurrent urination; and exhaustion. Nevertheless, these said symptoms are as well usual in a normal pregnancy.

Pregnancy or gestational diabetes isn't a direct hazard to your health. Though, badly managed gestational diabetes can put you at a high risk various problems that includes; pre-eclampsia; premature labor; and an excess of amniotic fluid. This can also cause a higher risk of mounting diabetes type two later on.

High blood glucose level can trigger the baby to get bigger, that results to difficulty in delivery. This will produce troubles for the mother and the new born baby. The baby may suffer hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) after birth because the baby makes extra insulin to take action to the mother's above normal blood glucose level. Treatment

Find a special clinic in which the health providers are skilled in taking care of pregnant women with the disease. It is very much important to manage the sugar level if you are identified with pregnancy diabetes. That meant recurrent testing of the blood glucose levels, keeping up active and a carefully planned diet.

Your specialized physician will give you recommendation for testing, how often will you check, and how can you get the blood glucose level that you aim for. A specialized dietician will also give advice on how to eat and the meal plan for the patient to use it as a guide.

To prevent diabetes, healthy lifestyle choices reduce the risk from getting type 2 diabetes if you had once gestational diabetes. Aim to eat enough balanced diets, exercise regularly, and maintain the minimum weight that fits for your height.

Hence, it is like that your blood glucose level will keep on higher even though you had changes your lifestyle. If this happens, it may need insulin injections. Your physician or specialize nurse will help you understand and train to do and achieve it.

Gestational Diabetes (Pregnancy)

Diabetes Pregnancy Diet For a Healthy Mother and Baby

High blood sugar developing during pregnancy is called gestational diabetes. Since this type of diabetes may go undetected because of the lack of obvious symptoms, it is typically found during a screening performed between the 24th and 30th weeks of pregnancy. If gestational diabetes is diagnosed, a diabetes pregnancy diet is in order.

A good, balanced diabetes pregnancy diet is important to maintaining the mother's health and helping to insure a complication free pregnancy. This diet by itself is usually enough to control blood sugar, but sometimes insulin injection becomes necessary. Being mindful of the total daily calorie intake, avoiding foods that increase blood sugar, and eating more of the foods which aid in the maintenance of normal blood sugar levels are the backbone of a good diabetes pregnancy diet.

Diabetes Pregnancy

The carbohydrates in the food you eat become glucose in your body. Glucose is a major source of energy. Carbohydrates come from starchy foods such as pasta, bread, potatoes, rice, and other grains. They are also found in fruit, dairy foods, vegetables, and sugar. Eating the right balance of carbohydrates, fat and protein is an essential part of the diet.

Women who are pregnant should get about 45 to 60 percent of their calories from carbohydrates, 15 to 25 percent from protein, and 20 to 30 percent from fat. They also require about 300 extra calories daily in the second and third trimesters to ensure proper weight gain. An additional 10 to 12 grams of protein per day is also required to help the baby grow normally.

A registered dietitian is essential to helping you plan your diabetes pregnancy diet. Your doctor can help you locate one and the American Diabetes Association can also assist you in finding one. Coping with pregnancy is burden enough, but finding out that you have gestational diabetes adds an extra load. But it's important to remember that this form of diabetes usually goes away after the baby is born and the baby is typically not affected by the disease. Just focus on maintaining a healthy blood sugar level, sticking to your diet and following doctor's orders.

The control of blood sugar cannot be overstressed and the diet is the single most important factor in controlling diabetes while pregnant. With the right diabetes pregnancy diet and a good team of diabetes professionals to assist you in avoiding complications, the disease should not harm the mother or child.

Diabetes Pregnancy Diet For a Healthy Mother and Baby

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Diabetes During Pregnancy

Diabetes is an age old disease, which is recorded as early as Greek civilization. This disease is characterized by excretion of large amount of very dilute urine. Diabetes can also be explained as a syndrome characterized by disordered metabolism and inappropriate blood sugar level.

On the basis of symptoms diabetes can be classified into two types - a) diabetes mellitus b) diabetes insipidus.

Diabetes Pregnancy

While diabetes mellitus is characterized by high blood sugar level, resulting from low insulin (hormone which controls the sugar level in blood) level, the characteristic symptoms are excessive urine production (polyuria), excessive thirst, and increased fluid intake (polydipsia) and blurred vision.

On the other hand, diabetes insipidus is characterized by excretion of large amount of severely diluted urine, which can not be reduced when fluid intake is reduced, leading to severe inability of kidney to concentrate urine.

World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes three main forms of diabetes mellitus; one of them is termed as gestational diabetes which occurs during pregnancy. Early diagnosis can cure the disease.

The basic cause of diabetes during pregnancy is that, mother's body is the sole supplier of glucose (sugar that results from the digestion of food) to the baby. This glucose is delivered to the baby through placenta. in return placenta produces certain hormones which helps the baby to develop, but on other hand these hormones prevents mothers body to use insulin and at later stage placenta increases these anti-insulin hormones which blocks the movement of glucose from the blood stream to the cell of the mother's body. This condition is termed as insulin resistance which leads to gestational diabetes.

There are several factors which increases the chance of developing diabetes during pregnancy, which includes the parents may have a family history of diabetes, obesity, the mother being over age 25 and the mother have a previous record of giving birth to a stillborn child or to a baby weighing nine pounds.

Though there are no obvious symptoms of gestational diabetes, but American diabetes association recommends all women to be screened for gestational diabetes between 24th and 28th week of pregnancy.

The following are the names of such screenings a) blood glucose test b) glucose tolerance test.

There can be many cases that the woman may have pre existing diabetes. In that case the mother must be warned against the complicacies that may arise during pregnancy. Careful planning and preconception care can allow the diabetic woman to have a problem free pregnancy.

Diabetes During Pregnancy

Aaron Nimocks is a frequent blogger at Pregnancy Weeks and has written a guide on 19 weeks pregnant and 9 weeks pregnant

Diabetes in Pregnancy - Gestational Diabetes

Diabetes is a problem when human body is either not producing or using insulin. Insulin is a hormone that converts starch, sugar or other food items into energy. The problem starts when there is increase in the level of sugar in blood. Insulin controls the blood sugar level in the body. It affects the entire world but most cases related to diabetes seen in U.S.A. About 16 million of people is caught by disease and nearly 5 million of people are those who unaware of this disease.

Gestational Diabetes

Diabetes Pregnancy

Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that affects pregnant women. A general survey says this type of diabetes caught almost 4% of all pregnant women. It also says about 1, 30,000 cases of gestational diabetes are come to light every year. Hormones produced in women's body during pregnancy reduced insulin in her body, which leads to problem of high blood sugar in the body. During pregnancy a mother needs three times of insulin to convert starch into energy for more energy. When her body becomes unable to use insulin the problem goes to gestational diabetes.

Reasons

Diabetes is a problem that causes to anyone who has less receptivity to insulin but main reasons for the cause of this in pregnant woman if she has late pregnancy. Obesity is one of reasons for diabetes. Another one is previous pregnancy resulting a baby having weight 9 pounds and more.

Symptoms

Symptoms of gestational diabetes are increased thirst, increased urination, feeling tired all the time, nausea and vomiting. Sometimes victim also have blurred vision, yeast infection and bladder infection.

Treatment

To solve this problem pregnant woman should follow the treatment plans for their health care. She should take a healthy diet. Mother should keep her blood sugar in a target level. She should get regular physical activity. Also, she should keep healthy weight.

Diabetes in Pregnancy - Gestational Diabetes

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Type 2 Diabetes - Pregnancy Weight Gain in Gestational Diabetes!

The recommended pregnancy weigh gain for most women is between 15 and 20 pounds (6.8 and 9 kg). According to research published recently in the journal Gynecological Endocrinology, less could be better in women with Gestational diabetes, the type of diabetes that appears during pregnancy. Researchers in the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center in Seoul, Korea, looked at weight gain and the pregnancy outcome in infants and mothers in cases of Gestational diabetes.

Gestational Diabetes in Overweight Women: Two hundred and fifteen women with body mass indexes of 25 or over (overweight) and diagnosed with Gestational diabetes were included in the study. Volunteers were classified into those with:

Diabetes Pregnancy

• inadequate weight gain
• normal weight gain, and
• more than enough weight gain

Volunteers with excessive weight gain had more cases of:

• overly large babies
• higher HbA1c at delivery, and
• higher blood sugar levels

than those without excessive weight gain.

Volunteers with weight gain usually considered inadequate:

• had healthier infants, and
• fewer mothers had blood sugar levels high enough to require insulin

It was therefore concluded that lower weight gain than is usually recommended and good control of blood sugar could result in better outcomes in both mothers and infants in cases of overweight and obese pregnant women.

Typical problems occurring in infants of mothers with Gestational diabetes include:

• unhealthy growth and weight gain
• blood abnormalities
• breathing problems
• stillbirth
• heart, kidney and limb deformities, and
• defects of the brain and spinal cord

Growth problems can consist of either overgrowth, which can cause fractured shoulders during birth, or undergrowth and low birth weight. The baby's lungs can be underdeveloped, resulting in difficulty with breathing. The infant's blood sugar can be low due to his/her pancreas making too much insulin to try to cope with the mother's high blood sugar.

Blood levels of calcium and magnesium can be abnormal. The baby's heart can be weak or have their major blood vessels attached abnormally. The center of the heart can be too thick or have a hole. The heart can be too large or have deformities causing the blood not to flow out freely.

Nervous system defects include small brain, split spinal cords (spina bifida), deformities in the ends of the spinal cord and cerebral palsy.

Mothers with gestational diabetes run the risk of Cesarean section due to overgrown infants. A cesarean section, or C-section, is a surgical procedure that is essentially "abdominal delivery". About one in four babies is delivered by cesarean section. They are also at risk of:

• high blood pressure
• swollen legs
• protein in the blood, and
• convulsions (preeclampsia and eclampsia)

The treatment for Gestational diabetes is controlling blood sugar levels through diet, exercise, insulin if necessary, and blood sugar monitoring. And the best idea is to be under the care of an obstetrician, a diabetes specialist, and a dietitian. Guidelines for nutrition and weight gain during a diabetic pregnancy depend on your current health, the fetal size, and your weight.

Type 2 Diabetes - Pregnancy Weight Gain in Gestational Diabetes!

To discover answers to questions you may be asking yourself about Type 2 Diabetes, click on this link... Natural Diabetes Treatments

Clicking on this link will help you to learn more about Type 2 Diabetes Solutions... Beverleigh Piepers RN... the Diabetes Detective.

Beverleigh Piepers is the author of this article. This article can be used for reprint on your website provided all the links in the article are complete and active. Copyright (c) 2010 - All Rights Reserved Worldwide

Pregnancy and Diabetes

Women who are diabetic can still have healthy pregnancies. There is also a form of diabetes, known as gestational diabetes, which a woman may develop while she is pregnant. But here, we are referring to women who already have Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes at the time that they become pregnant.

If one has diabetes when they become pregnant, it is vital that they monitor their blood sugar at least once a day, and possibly more. Talk with your doctor to find out how often you should test, and whether or not you should test at specific times throughout the day. You should also stick with the meal plan that you and your doctor work out, and make sure that you are still getting appropriate exercise.

Diabetes Pregnancy

There are greater risks associated with the pregnancy when a woman has diabetes. First, note that your baby will not be born with diabetes just because you are diabetic. There is, however, a greater chance of your child developing diabetes later.

Again, the biggest factor concerning your pregnancy, when you are diabetic, is to keep your blood sugar under control. Because of the changes going on in your body, blood sugar levels become a little more unstable, and can quickly drop or rise, causing problems that are common to diabetes. High blood pressure is a major concern for a pregnant woman with diabetes.

In most cases, if you are diabetic, you will have to make more frequent visits to see your doctor throughout the pregnancy than you would if you were not diabetic. It is important that you keep those appointments, and let your doctor know about any problems that you are experiencing.

If you are not already pregnant, but you are planning a pregnancy, talk with your doctor first. He can help you get your body in better shape for the pregnancy before it occurs, which makes the pregnancy healthier. It could be that the diabetes has already done damage to your body, and it is important that you and your doctor be aware of that damage before getting pregnant.

Pregnancy and Diabetes

Milos Pesic is an expert in the field of Diabetes [http://diabetes.need-to-know.net/] and has helped thousands of diabetes sufferers control their blood sugar. For more articles and resources on easy diabetes management, natural diabetes medication, diabetes symptoms and much more visit his site at: [http://diabetes.need-to-know.net/]

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Gestational Diabetes - Common Symptoms and Treatment for Diabetes During Pregnancy

Gestational diabetes (GD) is when a pregnant woman that previously was not diabetic becomes diabetic. It generally only lasts during pregnancy. It is also known by the term glucose intolerance of pregnancy. GD is like type 2 diabetes in that the body becomes resistant to insulin. It does not stop producing insulin but the body simply finds the insulin ineffective or it is not produced in sufficient quantity. Whilst it is not completely understood how this occurs in pregnant women the current thinking is that hormones that are secreted during pregnancy act as a blocking agent to insulin hence causing insulin resistance.

Symptoms of Gestational Diabetes

Diabetes Pregnancy

It is often quite hard to detect the disease because the body is undergoing dramatic changes all the time, many of which a being experienced for the first time. A pregnant woman will be in contact with her doctor frequently during the pregnancy so it is a good idea to mention any unusual changes in the body. Generally the condition will affect women in the latter stages of pregnancy (around 24-28 weeks). A classic symptom of gestational diabetes is excessive thirst or polydipsia. This could be accompanied by frequent urination (polyuria).

Other symptoms for gestational diabetes include :

Fatigue

Nausea

Blurred vision

Bladder or yeast infection.

As you can see, these symptoms could be the result of normal changes during pregnancy so it is important to keep your doctor informed so that he/she can screen you for gestational diabetes.

Treatment of Gestational Diabetes

The aim of treating the disease is to keep the blood sugar levels within a normal range. This will be determined by your doctor after a test to confirm that you have diabetes. Treatment will involve :

A gestational diabetes menu plan

This will be worked out with your doctor or ,more likely, a dietitian. A gestational diabetes diet will factor in your size, age and stage of pregnancy when creating a meal plan for you. In principle, the foodstuffs used will be split into :

carbohydrates,

vegetables and fruits,

meat or meat substitutes (protein),

milk and diary products,

sweets, candy and oils (fats)

More information can be found on how to use these food groups by following the diabetic food pyramid. By following a meal plan for gestational diabetes you will limit the amount of sugar that enters you bloodstream. This will help to control the blood sugar level.

Another essential part of treating GD is a regular exercise plan. This might involve a daily walk or some light exercise. Exercise will burn up sugar in the blood so that the blood sugar level does not get high.

If a diet and exercise are not sufficient in keeping the sugar level within a safe range, your doctor may prescribe a drug, such as Glyburide, to help make the body less resistant to insulin or insulin injections.

A complication of Gestational Diabetes , if left untreated, is that the baby will be larger than normal (known as Macrosomia). This occurs because there is an increase in the blood glucose levels and insulin production that stimulate the growth of the fetus. This may result in a cesarean section during birth.

Gestational diabetes usually stops after birth but it has been found that women that had GD are more likely to develop diabetes mellitus in the proceeding years than women that did not have the condition.

Gestational Diabetes - Common Symptoms and Treatment for Diabetes During Pregnancy

Treating gestational diabetes involves developing a diet plan that regulates the amount of sugar entering your body. Get more information on eating healthy foods for diabetics at http://www.diabeticdietsplan.com . The site also deals with diabetic complications and testing supplies for diabetes . Adrian Whittle writes on issues related to diabetes including symptoms of diabetes, diabetic retinopathy and diabetic neuropathy.

Diabetes in Pregnancy - What To Expect

Diabetes in pregnancy is known as Gestational Diabetes. It currently affects around 3 percent of pregnant women. Early detection and correct treatment can control the condition and is likely to prevent further problems in the pregnancy.

What Is It?

Diabetes Pregnancy

Gestational Diabetes is where the pregnant woman's body is not able to produce enough of the hormone Insulin. This means that her body is not able to break down the sugar that she consumes and convert it to energy. Therefore her blood sugar levels will be high and this will be passed on to the baby, which can cause problems.

Who Can Get It?

The pregnant women most likely to be affected will fit the following criteria;

o Overweight

o Age 35 plus

o Family history of diabetes

o Previously given birth to a large baby

o Previously given birth to a baby with an abnormality

o Suffered a stillbirth in late pregnancy

What Are The Symptoms?

Unfortunately the symptoms associated with Gestational Diabetes are common amongst most pregnancies anyway. You are likely to feel the need to urinate more often, will be more thirsty, more hungry and have a craving for sweet things. Most women discover they have it from a routine visit to the doctor where a urine sample will show glucose present in your urine. Gestational Diabetes is usually detected in later pregnancy.

If your urine sample does show glucose is present, this doesn't necessarily mean you have diabetes. Your doctor may want to repeat the test the following week. If, after two urine samples, your doctor is concerned he will refer you to the hospital for a blood glucose test. You will be advised not to eat anything from 10pm the night before the test. The nurse will take a sample of blood from you and then ask you to drink a very sweet solution. Two hours later she will take another blood sample from you and check your blood sugar levels in comparison to the first blood test. If the levels are above a certain amount this indicates you have diabetes. If this is the case the hospital will probably contact you that day in order to begin your treatment as soon as possible.

I've Got It - What Can I Expect?

Firstly - don't panic! It has been detected so early treatment will most likely prevent any major problems. The hospital will refer you to a Diabetic Nurse who will weigh you, ask you lots of questions about your diet and have a chat with you about how to improve your diet. Depending on the results of your blood test the hospital will most likely try to treat your diabetes by controlling your sugar intake. A diabetic diet closely follows a Low GI diet, which is low in sugar. When buying or preparing food you need to take notice of the Carbohydrate section on the breakdown of nutrients. The bit you are most interested in is 'Carbohydrates (of which sugars)'; you need to try to keep your carbohydrates down to no more than 5 grams in 100 grams. This is very difficult to do, as even the plainest foods seem to contain sugar. The nurse will provide you with a kit consisting of a blood sugar monitor and a notebook. You will be required to measure your blood sugar before and after each meal to determine how different foods affect your blood sugar levels. This method of monitoring will continue until you give birth, however the nurse will monitor these results to see if further treatment is necessary.

Unfortunately in some pregnant women changing the diet has little or no affect on the blood sugar levels and insulin injections are required. Injecting with insulin is no fun but is necessary if you are to prevent any further problems in your pregnancy. However you must still control your sugar intake. Injections are self administered before meals in the upper thigh.

What Are The Effects Of Diabetes On My Baby?

Babies born to mothers with diabetes are generally larger than average. This can lead to problems with delivery and quite often a caesarean section is necessary.

After the birth there can still be complications for the baby. They are often born with low blood sugar levels and may have to go into the Special Care Unit until their blood sugar levels return to normal. This may involve them having a glucose feed to bring them up to normal levels as quickly as possible.

They may also suffer with jaundice but this isn't serious and usually rectifies itself within a few weeks without medical intervention.

There is an increased risk that your baby may be born with a congenital defect such as a heart defect or have problems with their lungs. You will have many more ultrasound scans than a normal pregnancy and the hospital will be looking for signs of defects in order to treat them where possible.

Unfortunately there is also the increased risk of stillbirth or death of a newborn however this is rare where glucose levels are well managed.

What Are The Effects Of Diabetes On Me?

After the birth Gestational Diabetes usually completely disappears. However you will be at greater risk of developing it in future pregnancies and also of developing type 2 diabetes in later life.Many women take this as a warning and choose to change their diet and take more exercise in the hope of avoiding type 2 diabetes in later life.

Diabetes in Pregnancy - What To Expect

Lisa Mills is an author based in Essex. She writes for websites and magazines. She also runs a baby gift box website. http://www.newbabygiftboxes.co.uk is a site offering baby gifts and baby gift boxes.